NMFC Changes: What LTL Shippers Need to Know in 2026
In 2026, the National Motor Freight Classification (NMFC) system has continued moving toward broader, density-based freight classification. Docket 2026-1, which took effect on May 23, updated 22 subject areas and consolidated many narrow commodity listings into broader categories that use the standardized 13-tier density scale. The changes affect commodities such as clocks, pharmaceuticals, hides, business machines, semiconductors, artwork, flatware, samples, and currency. Some proposed changes were not adopted, including certain mixed-shipment, glassware, and household-goods revisions.
Docket 2026-2, released for public review on August 28, 2026, proposes 33 additional changes aimed at further simplifying NMFC classifications. Proposed updates include consolidating more glassware, vehicle parts, blinds and shades, and other commodity groups into density-based items, along with changes to mixed-shipment rules and packaging requirements. For LTL shippers, this broader trend means accurate packaged dimensions, shipment weight, density, and commodity details are increasingly important for determining freight class and avoiding reclassification or billing adjustments.
It should also be noted that this shift comes after the The National Motor Freight Classification (NMFC) system changes made on July 19, 2025, changing how thousands of less-than-truckload (LTL) freight items are classified.
One of the biggest changes in 2025 was a greater emphasis on freight density. More than 2,000 NMFC items moved toward full-density classification, and the standard density scale expanded from 11 to 13 levels.
For shippers, accurate weight, dimensions, density, NMFC item numbers, and freight class are more important than ever with this 2026 update when preparing an LTL shipment.
This guide explains what has changed, how the 2026 updates can affect your shipping rates, and what you should do before your next shipment.
What is NMFC?
The National Motor Freight Classification (NMFC) is a freight classification standard widely used in LTL shipping.
It helps organize commodities into NMFC item numbers and freight classes based on characteristics that affect how freight moves through a carrier’s network.
These characteristics can include:
-Density
-Handling requirements
-Stowability
-Liability
The correct NMFC item and freight class can affect how a shipment is quoted, handled, and billed.
What Changed With the NMFC System?
The 2025 changes were designed to simplify and modernize freight classification.
Major updates included:
– Expanding the standard density scale from 11 to 13 density levels
-Moving more than 2,000 freight items toward full-density classification
-Consolidating many commodity descriptions
-Adding clearer indicators for freight with handling, stowability, or liability concerns
-Updating digital classification tools such as ClassIT+
In 2026, the NMFC industry standard for classifying LTL freight is based on density, handling, stowability, and liability. Recent updates have expanded the use of a 13-tier density scale, making accurate shipment weight and packaged dimensions increasingly important when determining freight class.
For many affected commodities, shippers now need accurate shipment dimensions and weight to determine density and freight class.
Why Is Density More Important?
Density compares a shipment’s weight with the space it occupies.
It is calculated using:
Shipment Weight ÷ Cubic Feet = Pounds Per Cubic Foot (PCF)
Under the updated NMFC system, many commodities use the standardized 13-level density scale.
| Density (PCF) | Freight Class |
|---|---|
| Less than 1 | 400 |
| 1 to less than 2 | 300 |
| 2 to less than 4 | 250 |
| 4 to less than 6 | 175 |
| 6 to less than 8 | 125 |
| 8 to less than 10 | 100 |
| 10 to less than 12 | 92.5 |
| 12 to less than 15 | 85 |
| 15 to less than 22.5 | 70 |
| 22.5 to less than 30 | 65 |
| 30 to less than 35 | 60 |
| 35 to less than 50 | 55 |
| 50 or greater | 50 |
Generally, freight that takes up more space relative to its weight has a lower density and may receive a higher freight class.
However, density does not determine every shipment’s class. Some commodities still have additional handling, stowability, or liability considerations.
Why Accurate Dimensions Matter
Under density-based classification, even a small measurement error can change a shipment’s calculated density.
Measure the freight after it is fully packaged for shipment.
Include the full:
-Length
-Width
-Height
-Pallet
-Crate
-Packaging
-Projections or overhang
NMFTA specifies that density measurements should use the shipment’s greatest dimensions as tendered to the carrier, including packaging.
That means relying on old product dimensions instead of the finished shipping unit can result in an inaccurate freight class.
The current classification system can be difficult for shippers unfamiliar with freight-handling details. The new codes will reduce the need for deep knowledge of factors like liability or density that once influenced classifications. This will make it easier for businesses to classify shipments quickly and accurately, improving overall efficiency.
By reducing the risk of misclassifying freight, shippers can avoid extra costs and delays. The new system will be clearer and more precise, making it easier to identify the right classification for many goods. This improved accuracy will benefit both shippers and carriers by ensuring smoother operations.
The NMFC updates aim to:
- Simplify the System: Freight will now be classified mainly based on size, weight, and handling needs, making it easier for shippers to categorize shipments.
- Enhance User Experience: The new system will streamline the process, allowing shippers to classify goods faster and more efficiently.
- Improve Accuracy: By improving classification accuracy, the risk of misclassifying freight will be reduced, helping shippers avoid unexpected fees and delays.
The Importance of Using Updated NMFC Codes
If your freight needs special handling, it’s important to know the new classification codes. Misclassifying goods can lead to shipping delays, damaged items, or surprise costs. The new codes aim to reduce these risks by making it easier to classify items needing special care. Understanding these updates will help ensure your shipments arrive safely and on time.
How Will the NMFC Changes Affect Me?
The upcoming NMFC changes will directly impact how you classify your freight, which could change your shipping rates. Depending on how your goods are reclassified, you may see changes in costs—either higher or lower. It’s important to review the new codes to understand how they will affect your operations.
For businesses shipping a large volume of goods, even small changes in rates can have big financial impacts. If your freight moves into a higher-cost category, planning and budgeting for these changes is crucial. If your goods fall into a lower-cost category, you could save money.
By reviewing your shipping practices and understanding the new codes, you can avoid unexpected costs. Preparing ahead will help you adjust your classifications and ensure compliance with the updated NMFC guidelines.
Will This Impact Shipping Rates?
The new NMFC codes could affect your shipping rates based on how your freight is classified under the updated system. Reclassification may lead to either higher or lower shipping costs, so it’s important to stay informed. Some goods may now be classified as needing special handling, which could raise shipping fees, while others might move to a lower-cost category.
If your freight needs specific handling, packaging, or transportation, you may see an increase in shipping rates due to the extra care involved. However, items that don’t need special handling may see a decrease in costs, as the updated codes aim to simplify and standardize freight categories. Reviewing the new codes will give you a clearer idea of how your rates might change.
To avoid surprises, it’s a good idea to communicate with your carriers and stay updated on how these changes will be implemented. By checking your freight classifications and preparing for potential rate changes, you can align your shipping costs with the new NMFC system and avoid last-minute budget issues.
What If My Freight Needs Special Handling?
If your freight requires special handling, the updated NMFC codes introduce new classifications for items needing extra care. This includes fragile, perishable, or hazardous goods, as well as items with unique packaging or transportation needs. The new codes help both shippers and carriers understand these specific needs and ensure proper handling.
The revised system offers clearer guidance for freight in these special categories, reducing the chances of misclassification. Properly classifying items needing special care ensures carriers are prepared with the right equipment and processes, minimizing the risk of accidents, delays, or damages and helping your goods arrive safely.
In addition to improving safety, the updated codes protect shippers from unexpected fees. By using the correct classification codes, you can avoid the risk of being reclassified by the carrier, which could lead to extra charges. Understanding and applying the new codes correctly will save both time and money in the long run.
Additional NMFC System Updates
The updated NMFC system introduces several changes to enhance the shipping experience:
-Streamlined Classification for Regular Freight: Factors like density, liability, and storage requirements used to complicate the process. The updated system simplifies this by providing clearer guidelines, helping shippers determine the right class more easily.
-New Codes for Special Handling Freight: Specific codes are being introduced for freight requiring special care, like fragile, hazardous, or perishable items. These codes ensure such freight receives the proper attention, minimizing risks during shipping.
-Expanded Freight Categories: The system will offer a more comprehensive list of freight categories, providing clearer classifications that help shippers avoid misclassification fees.
-Improved Online Tools: User-friendly tools will make it easier to classify freight. These tools include step-by-step instructions, making the process more accessible, especially for those unfamiliar with freight classification.
The 2026 NMFC changes will significantly impact how freight is classified and shipped. While the system is designed to simplify the process, it’s essential to understand how these updates will affect your operations. By preparing now, you can avoid unexpected costs, ensure smooth shipping, and take full advantage of the improved classification tools.
How to Prepare an LTL Shipment Under the Updated NMFC System
Before requesting an LTL freight quote:
- Identify what you are shipping.
Use an accurate commodity description and determine the applicable NMFC item number. - Package the shipment completely.
Palletize, crate, wrap, or protect the freight before taking final measurements. - Measure the finished shipment.
Record the greatest length, width, and height, including the pallet and packaging. - Get an accurate weight.
Include the freight and all packaging materials. - Calculate density when required.
Use the finished weight and cubic dimensions. - Confirm the freight class.
Check whether the NMFC item uses density-based classification or has additional requirements. - Provide accurate information when requesting a quote.
Accurate shipment details can help reduce reclassification and billing surprises.
Are the 2025 NMFC Changes Still Relevant in 2026?
Yes.
The major July 2025 changes are already in effect, but NMFC classification is not static.
NMFTA now follows an ongoing update cycle in which NMFC data is reviewed and updated throughout the year, with supplements becoming effective after the review process.
That means shippers should avoid assuming an NMFC item or freight class used years ago is still correct.
Check current classification information whenever:
-You begin shipping a new commodity
-Your product or packaging changes
-An NMFC item is updated
-You haven’t verified a frequently used classification recently
How FreightCenter Can Help
Freight classification can get complicated, especially when density, packaging, special handling, and carrier requirements all affect the shipment.
FreightCenter helps businesses compare LTL freight options and prepare accurate shipment information before booking.
Providing accurate weight, dimensions, commodity details, and handling requirements can help us identify appropriate freight options and reduce avoidable surprises during transit.
Frequently Asked Questions About NMFC Changes
What does NMFC stand for?
NMFC stands for National Motor Freight Classification. It is a standard used to classify commodities moving through LTL freight networks.
When did the major NMFC changes take effect?
The major Docket 2025-1 changes took effect on July 19, 2025.
What was the biggest NMFC change?
One of the largest changes was moving thousands of commodities toward density-based classification and expanding the standard density scale from 11 to 13 levels.
Does density determine every freight class?
No. While density became the primary classification factor for many commodities, some NMFC items still account for handling, stowability, or liability concerns.
Can my freight class change because of packaging?
Yes. Packaging changes a shipment’s overall dimensions and potentially its density, which can affect the freight class of commodities classified by density.
Can an incorrect freight class increase shipping costs?
Yes. If a carrier determines that the shipment information or classification is incorrect, the shipment may be reclassified and additional charges may apply.
Do I still need an NMFC item number?
Yes. Even with greater use of density-based classification, identifying the correct NMFC item remains important because not every commodity is classified solely by density.
How often does NMFC information change?
NMFC data follows an ongoing update process, with classification supplements issued during the year and an updated NMFC book published annually.
Know Your Freight Before You Ship
The NMFC changes make accurate shipment information more important than ever.
Before booking LTL freight, confirm yourcommodity, packaged dimensions, weight, density, and handling requirements.
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